Meta announced agreements on January 9 with Vistra, TerraPower and Oklo that it says will support up to 6.6 GW of new and existing nuclear capacity by 2035. Together with its 2025 contract with Constellation Energy for the Clinton plant in Illinois, the company said the deals make it "one of the most significant corporate purchasers of nuclear energy in American history."
The package spans every stage of the nuclear pipeline: operating reactors, upgrades to squeeze more output from them, and two advanced reactor designs that have yet to produce commercial power. "Nuclear energy will help power our AI future, strengthen our country's energy infrastructure, and provide clean, reliable electricity for everyone," said Joel Kaplan, Meta's chief global affairs officer.
Much of it is aimed at PJM Interconnection, the grid that serves Meta's Prometheus supercluster in New Albany, Ohio.
Vistra: existing plants and uprates
The largest near-term piece is a set of 20-year power purchase agreements with Vistra covering more than 2,600 MW from three plants. Meta will buy 2,176 MW of energy and capacity from the operating Perry and Davis-Besse plants in Ohio. It will also buy 433 MW of incremental output from equipment upgrades, known as uprates, at Perry, Davis-Besse and the Beaver Valley plant in Pennsylvania.
Vistra said the uprates will be the largest supported by a corporate customer in the United States, and that more than 15% of the contracted capacity will be new capacity added to the PJM region. Meta's purchases begin in late 2026, with additional capacity added through 2034, when the full 2,609 MW will be online.
Each of the three plants has already received an initial license renewal from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, World Nuclear News reported. Beaver Valley 1 is licensed until 2036, Davis-Besse to 2037 and Perry to 2046. The plants had been "on a path to retirement" as recently as 2020, said Stacey Doré, Vistra's chief strategy and sustainability officer. Vistra acquired them in 2023.
Vistra also said the contracts give it the certainty to plan subsequent license renewals at all three plants, which would extend their operation by another 20 years. The power will continue to flow to the grid for all customers rather than being diverted behind the meter.
That last point matters in PJM, where co-located nuclear deals have drawn scrutiny over whether moving existing generation to serve a single customer shifts costs onto others. A grid-connected PPA that also pays for new uprate capacity avoids that argument and adds supply to a capacity market where new resources have been slow to arrive.
TerraPower: up to eight Natrium units
TerraPower said Meta will provide funding to support deployment of its Natrium plants, with initial units delivered as early as 2032. The agreement covers early development of two new Natrium units and gives Meta rights to energy from up to six more.
Each Natrium reactor provides 345 MW of baseload power, and its built-in energy storage lets output ramp up to 500 MW for more than five hours, TerraPower said. A dual unit provides 690 MW. The design was developed by TerraPower and GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy. World Nuclear News reported that the six additional units could produce 2.1 GW, with delivery targeted by 2035. TerraPower put the full eight-unit program at up to 2.8 GW of baseload energy, with storage able to boost total output to 4 GW.
"To successfully address growing energy demand, we must deploy gigawatts of advanced nuclear energy in the 2030s," said TerraPower president and chief executive Chris Levesque. He said the company had completed its design, established its supply chain and cleared key regulatory milestones at its first Natrium plant.
The agreements follow a request for proposals Meta issued in December 2024. Urvi Parekh, Meta's director of global energy, said the agreement was the result of the company's nuclear request for proposals, which identified leading developers to help meet its energy goals.
Oklo: a 1.2 GW campus in Ohio
The third agreement supports Oklo's plan for a 1.2 GW power campus in Pike County, Ohio. Meta will prepay for power and provide funding to advance the project, according to World Nuclear News. Oklo's Aurora powerhouse is a sodium-cooled fast reactor that uses heat pipes to move heat from the core to a supercritical carbon dioxide power conversion system. The campus could come online as early as 2030 and expand in stages toward the full 1.2 GW.
Pike County is also in PJM territory, which means the Oklo campus, like the Vistra plants, would add supply to the grid that serves Meta's Ohio data centers.
Why the structure matters
The three deals carry very different levels of risk. The Vistra contracts are backed by reactors that already run and uprates that use proven engineering. The TerraPower and Oklo agreements depend on designs that must still be licensed, built and shown to work at commercial scale.
By funding all three, Meta is spreading its bets across time. Operating plants deliver power from late 2026. Uprates add capacity through 2034. Advanced reactors, if they succeed, deliver in the 2030s. Prepayments and development funding also address a central problem for first-of-a-kind reactors, which is finding a creditworthy buyer willing to commit before construction begins.
Meta said the agreements give Oklo and TerraPower greater business certainty so they can raise capital, and that the projects are expected to create thousands of construction jobs and hundreds of long-term operational jobs.
What to watch
The first deliveries under the Vistra contracts arrive in late 2026, and license renewal filings at Perry, Davis-Besse and Beaver Valley will show whether the 20-year extensions move ahead. For TerraPower, progress at its first Natrium plant in Wyoming, where non-nuclear construction began in June 2024 and completion is expected in 2030, will be the leading indicator for the Meta units. For Oklo, the key milestones are regulatory approval of the Aurora design and a construction start in Pike County.
The broader test is whether other hyperscalers follow with uprate deals of their own. Uprates are one of the few ways to add firm capacity to PJM before 2030, and Meta has now shown that a corporate buyer can pay for them.